Key takeaways
- The earlier you begin building credit, the better. A good score can lead to more opportunities and better savings.
- You can establish a payment history and begin working on your score by becoming an authorized user, opening a secured credit card, or taking out a credit builder loan.
- A good credit score takes time and patience. You can achieve this by consistently paying your bills on time, avoiding carrying a balance, and maintaining a low utilization rate.
Start building credit when you’re ready, but the sooner you begin, the better. Establishing a good credit score makes life easier. It will help you save money on interest and provide you with more opportunities for credit cards, loans, apartments, and even job opportunities.
The trick is that it can be hard to get credit when you don’t have it in the first place. Luckily, there are tools to help you get started building credit and proving that you’re a trustworthy consumer.
Let’s take a look at how you can get started and then what you can do to improve your score.
8 Ways to establish credit for beginners
Opening your first account and building credit can be challenging, but it doesn’t have to be. Financial institutions offer numerous options for beginners to establish a credit history. You can find credit cards to build credit with no credit and other tools that let you show you are responsible.
Take a look at the following eight options and select a few that appeal to you. No matter which one you choose, the key is to be responsible, meaning always pay your bills on time.
1. Apply for a secured credit card
Figuring out how to start building credit begins with opening your first credit card account. You can get your own card once you turn 18. If you’re under 21, you may be required to show proof of income so that the issuer knows you can afford to make payments.
The problem is that when you don’t have a score or payment history, it will be challenging to get an unsecured credit card with decent terms. In that case, consider a secured card. The key difference between secured vs unsecured credit cards is that secured cards require a cash deposit (100% refundable), which acts as your credit limit. The deposit also serves as collateral for the issuer, making these cards relatively easy to obtain.
Not all secured cards require a deposit. There are some newer models that link to your bank account instead. These are typically offered by online banks and, like other secured cards, are very easy to be approved for.
No matter which option you choose, make sure that the card issuer reports payments to all three major credit bureaus – Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion. Reporting your credit activity is the only way to improve your score. Then, pay your bills on time and keep your utilization low. Using a secured credit card responsibly is one of the most reliable methods for how to build credit fast. Once you have a good credit score, consider applying for an unsecured card.
2. Become an authorized user on a parent’s credit card
If you want to start building credit before you turn 18 consider becoming an authorized user on a friend or family member’s account. You benefit from the primary cardholder’s payment history and can use the card without being legally accountable for the bill.
Before requesting to become an authorized user, ensure the primary cardholder has a good credit score and responsible financial habits. You don’t want a poor payment history or high credit utilization added to your report. Also, check that the issuer reports the authorized user to all three major credit bureaus, as not all do.
3. Get a credit-builder product or a secured loan
Credit-builder loans are specifically designed to boost your score. These products work by holding the loan amount in a savings account while you make regular monthly payments. Your timely payments are reported to the three major credit bureaus, helping to establish a strong payment history.
These loans are typically for small amounts, ranging from $300 to $1,000. You can find them at credit unions and other financial institutions. The great thing about credit-builder loans is that they help you improve your score and save money at the same time. Check the interest rates and fees before you apply for a loan, as they may not be free.
4. Set up a joint account or get a loan with a co-signer
Another way to establish credit is to apply for a small personal loan. If you can’t get a loan on your own, set up a joint account or secure a loan with a co-signer. You are responsible for the payments, but the co-signer is on the hook if you don’t pay. Having a co-signer makes lenders more willing to work with you and offer more favorable terms. Make timely payments on the loan, and your score will improve.
5. Get credit for the bills you pay
Does paying rent build credit? Rent and utility bills are typically not reported to the credit bureaus as they aren’t a form of borrowing. That said, some services allow you to report your monthly bills. Potential bills include rent, utility, subscriptions, and even phone bills. If you have a thin file, with fewer than five accounts, adding monthly bills can help you establish or improve your credit score.
The catch is that not all credit scoring models consider monthly bills. VantageScore 3.0 and 4.0 include rent payments in their scoring calculations, as does FICO Score 9. FICO Score 8, the most commonly used version, does not factor them into score calculations. While they will appear on your credit reports that lenders look at, they may not boost your actual score. Even so, potential lenders will appreciate the additional positive payment data on your report.
6. Make small purchases and pay them off quickly
A practical tip on how you can build credit at 18 – or any age, for that matter – is to keep your utilization low. Aim to use less than 30% of your limit, 10% is even better. A low utilization rate indicates to lenders that you do not rely heavily on credit. Consumers who don’t rely on borrowing are more likely to pay their bills on time.
A simple way to maintain a low utilization is to make small purchases and pay them off in full each month. This habit not only keeps your balance manageable but also shows lenders your ability to repay debt promptly. You can even set up autopay so you never miss a bill.
7. Diversify your credit accounts
Credit cards are an easy way to start building credit, but don’t overlook loans. Your credit score will benefit from a mix of revolving (such as credit cards) and installment (such as loans) accounts. Having a mix of accounts and paying your bills on time shows that you can handle different types of credit responsibly.
Credit mix is a small factor. Don’t take on debt you cannot afford to improve your score. It is entirely possible to reach an excellent credit score with only credit cards.
8. Avoid unnecessary credit inquiries
Each time you apply for a credit card or loan, the financial institution will conduct a hard inquiry on your credit report. Hard inquiries temporarily lower your credit score by a few points. One inquiry isn’t a big deal, but multiple ones will hurt your credit.
To avoid damaging your credit, consider prequalifying before applying. Prequalifying for loans and credit cards lets you gauge your chances of approval without impacting your score. Then you only apply for accounts where you meet the basic criteria.
Why you should start building credit early
The sooner you establish a credit history, the better off you’ll be. But at what age can you start building a credit history? Generally, you can start as soon as you turn 18, when you are legally eligible to apply for your first credit card or loan. However, you can start building credit at 16 or younger with the right tools. The sooner you start, the better off you’ll be. Learning how to use a credit card to build credit can lead to more favorable loan terms and lower interest rates in the future.
Establishing a good credit score means you will be able to:
- Rent an apartment: Landlords will check your credit report to determine if you are a reliable tenant. They want to know that you have a history of making on-time payments. When you don’t have a credit history, they may deny your application, ask for a higher security deposit, or require a guarantor.
- Get your own utilities: Utility companies – such as electricity, water, internet, and phone – run background checks. If you don’t have a score, you may have to put down a deposit to be approved.
- Apply for your own credit card: Your credit score affects which card you can get and the terms associated with it. A lower score or none at all will result in high-cost cards.
- Land the job you want: Certain employers will check your report as a way to see your financial health and how responsible you are.
- Secure car insurance: Depending on the state you live in, you may get a lower premium if you have a good score.
Credit affects so much of your financial life; it’s a good idea to start early.
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Common mistakes young people make when building credit
When you’re brand new to anything, it’s easy to make mistakes. It’s no different here. You have new bills to pay and new debts to manage. There’s a lot to keep in mind. Let’s go over a few common mistakes to avoid.
1. Overusing credit cards: Many people receive their first card and view it as free money, leading to spending beyond their means. This can quickly result in accumulating balances that you cannot pay off each month. Carrying an outstanding balance means you’ll be charged interest, and credit card interest rates are high. Instead, treat it like a debit card and use it only for purchases that you can pay off within the month.
2. Making late payments: Missing a payment or making it late will adversely affect your score. Your payment history makes up 35% of your FICO score. Even one payment more than 30 days late can drop your score and will stay on your report for up to seven years. Set up payment reminders or autopay to avoid this.
3. Only paying the minimum: While making the minimum payment keeps your account in good standing it is a debt trap. The minimum payment does very little to reduce your balance and you will accrue interest on the remainder. Pay more than the minimum each month; pay the balance in full whenever possible.
4. Applying for too many accounts: Each time you apply for a new account, a hard inquiry is made, which typically lowers your score by a few points. Understanding what credit score you need to get a credit card can help you avoid unnecessary application denials. If you are denied, space out your applications by at least six months to give your score time to recover.
5. Carrying a balance: There’s an old myth that carrying a balance helps your score. Actually, the opposite is true. It’s much better for your score and your wallet to pay your bill in full every month. Don’t be tempted to only make the minimum payment. If you don’t pay off your balance in full, you will be charged interest on the rest, making your next bill more expensive. Always pay your bills on time and in full.
6. Underestimating interest rates and fees: Not paying attention to the terms of the agreement can lead to unexpected charges. Young users often fail to comprehend how interest rates and fees affect the total amount they will owe, leading to debt that becomes unmanageable. Know your interest rate and potential fees, then take action to avoid them.
Thinking of consolidating debt? Check out:
Choosing the right credit card to build credit
The ideal credit card for you depends on your credit score, finances, and spending habits. First, identify credit cards for your score range. Beginner-friendly options include secured credit cards, student credit cards, and subprime unsecured credit cards. These cards are designed for individuals with limited or no credit history. Make sure the issuer reports to all three major credit bureaus or else the card will not build credit.
Pay close attention to the fees. Many credit cards for bad credit come with annual fees and monthly maintenance fees. Choose a card with little to no mandatory fees. Keep an eye on the interest rate and credit limit as well. You won’t receive the best rates when you’re starting out, but they should be reasonable.
Credit cards are known for their rewards. That said, it can be difficult to secure a rewards card when you’re starting to build credit. If you do find a rewards card you qualify for, make sure the rewards align with your spending habits. That way you can earn cash-back or travel points on purchases you’re already making.
Wondering why it's important to pay bills on time?
How long does it take to build credit?
The exact timeline will vary, but in general, it takes a minimum of six months of responsible credit behavior to generate your first FICO credit score. FICO is the model used by 90% of lenders. You can establish a VantageScore only one month after opening an account.
Once you have your score, it can take one to two years to reach a good credit score. If you are rebuilding credit, you may see a bump in your score within three to six months of responsible use.
Either way, building or improving credit isn’t an overnight process. It takes patience and consistent, responsible behavior. Pay all your bills on time and maintain a low utilization rate. Gradually, you will achieve good to excellent credit.
Need cash but have less-than-perfect credit?
How can I monitor my credit?
Once you have a score, it’s a good idea to monitor it so that you can track your progress. Keeping tabs on your score will also help you address any unauthorized or fraudulent activity promptly.
Check your credit scores and reports
You are entitled to a free credit report from each of the three major credit reporting agencies – Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion – once a year through AnnualCreditReport.com. Additionally, many issuers and banks will send you your FICO score for free once a month. Opting into this service is any way to make sure your score continues to improve.
Check your report for any errors or inaccuracies, such as an account that isn’t yours or a wrong address. If you find any discrepancies, dispute them with the issuing bureau. Errors could be a simple mistake or a sign of identity theft. They can also drag your score down, so it’s important to stay on top of them. Removing an inaccurate negative mark, such as a late payment, from your report can give your score an immediate boost.
Find the best ways to build and maintain a strong score – Go to Credit Score Builder now!
Frequently asked questions
1. What’s the best way to build credit from scratch?
The best way to build credit from scratch is to apply for a secured credit card. Select one that has no mandatory fees and reports usage to all three major credit bureaus. Ideally, the provider will let you upgrade to an unsecured card once you have a good score. Then, pay all your bills on time and keep your utilization under 10% of your credit limit.
2. Are credit-builder apps good for building credit quickly?
Credit-builder apps can be a helpful tool for building credit quickly, but the exact results depend on your ability to pay your bills on time.
3. What credit card should you choose for building credit?
Choose a credit card that reports to all three major credit bureaus. Reporting is the only way that you will improve your score. The right credit card depends on what you can qualify for. Secured cards are a good choice since they often come with fewer mandatory fees. If you want an unsecured credit card, look for one with low or no fees.
4. What are some tips for getting a first credit card?
Learning how to apply for a credit card for the first time can help you avoid unnecessary fees and rejections. Begin by checking your credit score and researching beginner-friendly options, such as secured cards or student credit cards. Compare fees, interest rates, and rewards. Apply for just one card to avoid multiple credit inquiries. Have proof of income ready, and consider asking a parent to co-sign if needed. Once approved, use your card responsibly and pay your balance in full each month.
Bottom line
The earlier you start building credit, the better. Establishing a good score takes time, so starting early can give you a leg up.
A good score leads to better financial opportunities and more savings. Who wouldn’t want that? Figure out which method – or methods – you want to use and begin working on your score.
No matter which strategy you choose, they all have one thing in common: responsible usage. Pay your bills on time, don’t borrow too much, and in time, you will achieve a good credit score.